Type-justifying machine.



No. 844,564. PATENTED PEB. 19,4907.

B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIPYING MACHINE.

' PPLIOATION FILED AUG.s.1s`9s.

18 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 844,564. PATENTBD FEB. 19, 1907.l

l B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MAGHINE. APPLIUATION FILED AUG.s.1ses.

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No. 844,564. l PATBNTED FEB. 19, 1907. B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUe.a,1a98.

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No. 844,564. PATENTFD FEB. 19, 1907. B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIPYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.3, 1898.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

No. 844,564. PATENTBD PEB. 19, 1907. B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.3, 1898.

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PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.a.1aoa.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 6- dfi t w l. Y 4,9 j@

- IMIVW No. 844,564. PATENTED PEB. 19, 1907.

B. M. DES JARDINS. v

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLroATIoN FILED AUc+.a,1oa.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

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No. 844,564.l PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907. B. M. DES JARDINS. TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 3. 1898.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

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PATENTBD FEB. 19, 1907. B. M. DES JARDINS. l

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLIoATIoN FILED AUG.a.1e9e.

16 SHEETS-SHBET 9.

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No. 844,564. PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907. B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLIoATIoN FILED AUG.s,1aos.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 10.

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No. 844,564. l B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE. APPLIOATION FILED AUG.s.1ese.

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PATBNTBD FEB. 19, 1907.

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PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907.

B. M. DES JARDINS. TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE. APPLwATIoN FILED AUG.3.1ao.

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TYPE IUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-3,1898.

18 SHEETS-SHEET 13.

B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIPYING MACHINE. AP-rLIoATIoN FILED AUG.s.1aea.

PATENTED FEB. 1 9, 1907.

16 SHEETS-SHEET 14.

No. 844,564. PATENTED FEB.`19, 1907. B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.a.1s9a.

PATENTED FEB. 19, 1907,

B. M. DES JARDINS.

TYPE JUSTIFYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILEID AUG. 3 1898.

18 SHEETS-SHEET 16 fw/wenor:

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BENJAMIN M. DES JARDINS, OF WEST HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, `ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE UNITYPE COM- PANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY. i

TYPE-auswerten naci-lime.

Patented Feb. 19, 1907.

To wil whom, t may concern,.-

Beit known that I, BENJAMIN M. Dns JAR- DINs, a citizen of the United States of America, and airesident of West Hartford, Hartford county, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in vType- Justifying Machines, of which the following is a specific-ation.

This invention relates to automatic justifying mechanisms, the especial object of the invention being to provide rapid and eflicient justifying mechanism for combination with a type-setting machine to receive and justify lines of type set thereby.

The machine illustratedy and' described herein as embed g this invention is designed yto justify liiiles of type which are set up withprovisional or temporary separators between"y the words. The unjustified lines, provisionally spaced, are assembled by a type-setting machine, which, in the present instance, is operated in conjunction with the justifying-machine, both machines beingerected on a common frame. The lines of type of irregular length and provided with provisional 4separators pass from ,the twesetting machine to the justifying mechanism, which insertsl justifying-spaces in lieu of the separators and deposits the lines in a galley provided for the justified matter.

The justification of each line of type is controlled by two factors, one of which is the shortage or deciency of the unjustified line and the other the number of word-spaces into which saidshortage or deficiency is to be distributed. The shortage or deficiency may be either a plus or minus quantity, depending upon whether the unjustified line is too short or too long. While a line is being assembled a connection of the space-key of the type-setting machine adjusts or sets a movab e part of the justifying mechanism in accordance with the number of word-spaces in the line, which part afterward comes into action in the justification of said line. As shown in the drawings, a rack or toothed bar is used as the element for recording the number of word-spaces in the line and several of these bars are arranged on a cylinder, so that while one is being used as a gage for the justiiier another may be adjusted for a succeeding line.

Any suitable type-setting machine may be employed. The unjustified lines from said machine are conveyed to a given position in the justifying mechanism and while held stationary for amoment the line shortage or deficiency is measured by one element of the computing devices, while the other element is moved into contact with the rack'which represents vthe number of word-spaces in the line. These two elements jointly control the setting ofthe space-selecting device. The computing devices determine, primarily, what may be termed the normal justifying-s ace for the line-that is, the average widtli of space-Which width is the quotient of the line shortage divided by the number of intervals between words. The machine illustrated and described herein is adapted to justify by ready-made spaces and is provided with spaces or combinations of spaces difiering by units and the justification is usually eiiected by using some spaces greater than the normal width and some less than the normal width. The proportion of the different sizes of spaces to be used is determined by difference77 devices which are adjunctive to the computing devices.

Spaces or" several sizes are stored in the channels of a magazine and means are provided for ejecting one or more spaces from each of one or more channels simultaneously and inserting the space or combination of spaces thus ejected into the line of type in lieu of each one of the provisional spaces,

which latter spaces' are removed. The spaces in different channels of the magazine are of different widths, the difference between successive sizes being a uniform and small amount which may be termed .a unit In justifying composed lines of type it is impossible to provide in advance spaces of the exact size necessary for every line; but by a proper selection from a lirrited number of spaces differing from each other by smail units any ine may be justified. Such justification is not theoretically correct; but in practice it always comes within a half-unit of the column measure, and ten units may be made sufficiently small tov ICO by a single unit, a certain number of wordspaces being filled with the larger space value and the remainder with the smaller space value, as above stated. In this machine the computing devices set `the space-selecting devices to select the larger space values first and at the propertime in the justification of the'line the space-selectin devices are reset or changed to select smal er space values. This resetting is effected by means of the difference devices above mentioned.

After the line is measured in the receivingchannel it is transferred tov the spacing devices and the words' of the line are transferred one at a time Vto another channel.

.After the first word is transferred a justifying-space is deposited on top of it and the temporary' space removed. This loperation is repeated until the line is deprived of all temporary spaces and filled out .to its proper length with permanent .justifying-spaces;

yThe line is .then transferred to a galley. f

While the j ustifying-machineis illustrated and described in this specification 'as attached to a vtype-setting machine, it will be 'evident that 1t may be used independently, the type-lines being assembled on an entire y The details of construction and operation,

of the machine will be fully described in the following specification, in cdnnection .with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a front elevation of my machine with the adjoining part of a Thorne .typesetting machine. Fig: 2 is a right-hand elevation of said machine having a portion of one of the gears broken away to reveal parts concealed thereby. Fig. 3 is an lenlarged top view of the counting device. Fig. 4 1s a section of said device on lines 1 1, Fig. 3, in the direction of the arrow 4. Fig. 5 is a fullsize perspective view ofa line-separator. Fig. 6 is a view of the measurin devices-in the Case B, showing the severa parts in their initial positions. the mechanism in said case, the lower part of the latter being 'removed and also the wedge-blocks and wedge. Fig. 8 is a transverse vertical section of said mechanismen lines 2 2, Fig. 6, in the direction ofthe arrow 8. Fig. 9 is a transverse vertical section of said mechanism on lines 2 2, Fig. 6, in thedirection of the arrow 9. Fig. 10 is a similar view to Fig. 6, with the exception of the removal of the line-measuring bar, locatingline-clutch, and connecting members..

single space.

Fig. 7 is 4'a-bottom view of rod, and attached parts. Fig. 11 is a fullsize bottom view of the gage-block and connecting members. Fig. 12y is a' sectional view of said block and members on lines 3 3,

Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is an operative view of portions of the mechanism in Case B. Fig. 14

is an operative view of all of said mechanism.

This, with Figs. 6 to 1.0,.inclusive, and Fig. 13,

ating cam and of the adjacent switch-cam.

Fig. 19 is a sectional view of said cut-offcli'annelcam on lines 4 4, Fig. 18, in the direction of the'arrow 19, also showing the lineclutchescapement'with the connections between it and said ca m' and the tangent-gar,

1g. 20 is -a similar view to the precedin figure ofv said cam, showing the switch so isposed as tir-change :the cut-ofi' channel-operating roller from the inside to the outside camoove. Fig. 21 is a transverse vertical section .through the .gears and cams on line 6,

Fig. 18 is a top view Fig. .15, in the dlrection ofthe arrow 21. v

Fig. 22 is a vertical section through the spacechannelv reservoir, spacelunger, space-collector, and space-selector looking. toward the rear, showing vthese .parts operating on a Fig. 23 is al similar view to Fig. 22, but shows said parts in the act of handling .two spaces instead of one. Fig. 24 is an enlarged plan view ofthe space-selectingrack. 25 is a longitudinal vertical section of said' rack Online 5 5, Fig. 24, in the directionv of the arrow 25. Fi 26`is a plan view of the space-handling mec anism. Fig. 27 is a right-side view 'of said mechanism,

being in longitudinal vertical section. 28 to 31 inclusive, are plan views of t e four space-selecting cam-plates, respectively, the last of said views showing the separator- IOO IOS

'the space-collecting'carriage and cam-.plate lITO knockout extension of the Abottom camplate. Fig. 32 is afull-size view of a temporary word-separator. Figs. 33 and 34 are operative views similar to Fig. 27. The latter shows .the transferring and cut-olf channels alined andthe knockout extension-plate in position to eliminatea separator and the cam-plates just beginningl to move after receiving their 'supply of s aces. Fig. 33 illustrates the .manne/'r in w 'ch said spaces are piled up by saidplates and introduced into the type-line below, while Fig. 34 shows said carriage at the rearend of its travel and the cut-off channel in its eXtreme forward position before collapsing for the purpose of placin the type-line therein onto the receiving-ga ley. Figs. 35 to 37, inclusive, are detailed views of the4 cut-off channel. The

lines and direction-indicating arrows.

first of this series shows a front elevation without the sliding plate, as indicated by the arrow 35, Fig. 37, the next is a front elevation in full, indicated by the arrow 36, Fig. 37, and the last a longitudinal horizontal section of the channel members. Fig. 38 is a longitudinal horizontal section through the receivingalley and rule-receptacle, showing the ru e devices. Fig. 39 is a detailed sectional view of the traveling pusher-hub. Fig. 40 is a diagram illustratm0 the computing devices. Fi 41 is an en arged left-hand elevation "of t e line-lifting and line-separator-removing mechanism; and Fig. 42 is a front view ofthe same, par- -tially in section.

Similar letters and figures of reference designate like parts in the drawings and specification.

The upper part of the machine is inclined to the left at a suitable angle to handle loose type-lines, as will best appear from Fig. 1 but for the sake of brevity and simplicity in the following descri tion reference to said machine will general y be made as though all` parts thereof were standing upright or vertical. As far as practicable the description of the machine will conform to .the order of travel of the type-line from the receivingchannel to the receivingalley.

The reference-numera s herein used conform generally to the following order or arrangement, the numbers for the different grand divisions being, respectively, takenv from each one hundred fi ures employed: The figures employed which are below 100 are the numbers in the drawings used in connection with the section-indicating brolrlln e figures employed from the first one hundred numbers above and including 100 refer generally to the primary measuring elements, accompanying typeengaging parts, and other miscellaneous mechanism, those above and including 2 00 to the difference devices and accompanying parts, above and including 300 to the s ace -dislodging mechanism and parts re ating thereto, above and including 100 to the mechanism which feeds the spaces into the line and such word-handi ling mechanism as is closely related thereto, above and including 500 to the cut-off channel members, rule devices, and allied parts, above and including 600' to the automatic word-actuating mechanism and parts relating thereto, and'above and incuding 700 to the automatic line actuatingv mechanism. The arrows used in connection with annular members indicate the direction of their revo lution.

it is understood that the several members of this machine are suitably journaled to or otherwise mounted in the frame A or the framework of the connected type-setter, the two machines being'more or less closely incorporated one with the other at their abuttin sides. The lower or power shaft is driven wit a constant motion by a belt (not shown) around the pulley 601.

Before roceeding to describe the parts of this machine which actually and directly act upon the type-line it will be necessary to describe a reliminary step with the mechanism for pro ucing it. l refer to the se aratorcounting devlce and its operation,w ich latter depends upon the process of inserting separators in the line of type by the ty e-setting machine. The result obtained y the counting device for a given line, however, is communicated to the measuring mechanism and utilized during the direct operation ofthe justifying-machine on said line.

The counting device, which locates the initial position of the bar 117 for determining the number of spaces required in a given typeline and supplying the divider for the quotient sought by automatically counting the intervals between'the words, is located near the front of the machine below said bar and is y,

is journaled in the bearings 101 and 102 at the top and bottom of the supporting-frame 103, which is affixed to the frame A. The drum 1011 is tight on the shaft with the ratchet-wheel 106, and the gear 107, between said drum and wheel, is loose on said shaft. The pawl 1 09 is pivoted to the upper side of the gear 107 with its point pressed into engagement with the teeth of the wheel 106 by the spring 113. The stiff spring 116 is fastened at one end to the frame 103, and its free terminal bears against the base of the periphery The vertical lshaft 100, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and L1, I

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of the drum 101 to prevent backlashing of the same when rotated. The rack 128 slides in suitable ways provided in the upper part of the frame 103, and its teeth mesh with those of the gear 107. When the rack 128 moves to the rear, the gear 107 turns freely, the pawl 109 clicking inoperatively over the ratchet-wheel teeth and the spring 116 holding the drum 104 stationary; but the reverse movement of said rack causes said pawl to engage the wheel 106 and rotate said drum. The triplicate ratchet-bars 130 are incorporated with the drum 10a, which is provided with the vertical slot 131 to receive them. Fach bar 130 'is provided with the interior lug 137 and the exterior projection 138, both at the top. A spring '139 is introduced into the bottom of said slot and the under side of the lug 157. The olice of the springs139 is to normally retain the bars 130 in their highest position and to return them to that position when released after being de ressed.-

The travel of each bar 130 is limite by the pin 140, which passes through the bar-slot 141 and is fixed in the drum 104. Located about midway of the drum 104, but independent thereof, is the arc-like horizontal table 148, having the inner extension 149. Said table starts from a point adjacent to the right side of one of the bars 130 when located directly in front and encircles about three-quarters of the drum 104, the extension 149 be inning at the same place and continuing For a little morethan one-half that distance. The rock-shaft 155 is mounted in the bearing I156 on the frame 103 and operates the counting escapement, which consists of the counterwei hted -pawl 118 and the counterweighted ogl 157. When the teeth on one of the bars 130 and the escapement are in contiguity, the rocking of the shaft 155 causes the paWl 118 to depress the bar against its s ring 139 one notch, the

dog 157 locking sai bar while'said pawl is lraised to engage another tooth.'

. The shaft 155 is rocked by the depression of a space-key 160at on the attached type-setting machine, a portion of which is shown in Fig. 1, through the medium of the short rocker-arm 158, the connecting rod or link 159, the long rocker-arm 160, pivoted at 161 to the frame, and a push-bar on said machine. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) The rack 128 is reciprocated by means ofthe link 163, pivotally con- -necting the rearend of said rack With the rocker-arm 164, which is pivoted at 165 to the bracket 166, the link 658, the arm 167, having its pivot coincident with that of the rocker-arm 160, and a push-bar on said typesetter. yThe link 658 also extends to the word-clutch arm 657.

Assuming that one of thebars 130 is in operative relation to the counting-escapement and the rack 128 in its forward position,` the operation of this counting device is as follows: Every time a separator 152 is inserted in th'e line of type being set up by the type-setting machine the long rocker-arm 160 is tilted back and forward once, Which results in depressing the engaged bar 130 one tooth through the operation of said escapement. When said line is completed, said bar will have been lowered as many teeth as there are separators in said line. The arm 167 is now rocked a suiicientdistance to draw back the rack 128 and again actuate it forward, which latter movement rotates the drum 104, carrying said bar out of engagement with said escapement' and into engagement with the 'table extension 149. The teeth on each bar 130 register with the extension 149 at whatever position vthey may be located by the need extended explanation here.

counting-escapement. The rack 128 rotates the drum 104 until the bar projection 138 is directly beneath the counting-bar 117, which is now released and descends to rest upon said rojection. The rotation of the drum 104 iias brought another bar 130 into operative relation .with the counting-escapement, and when it in turn is carried into enga ement with said table extension, lthe bar 1 17 aving meanwhile been elevated clear of the' projection 138, the rst-mentioned bar passes beyond said extension and rises to its highest point under the influence of its spring 139 ready for rengagement with said escapement. When the operator presses the key to actuate the rack 128, he also sets in motion the Word and line mechanisms, as will appear from the description of thelclutches.

The primary steps in the operation of my machine after counting the separators and receiving the unjustified line of type from the packer of the type-setter 'consists in elevating said line out of the receiving-channel into the measuring and transferring channel, the mechanism for doing which will first be described. The metallic separators 152 are inserted between the words in the line, said separators having recessed ends and beingl longer than the type 121% but of the same Width, and a large separator 150 is at the end ,of each line,'thereby leavin one at the top and another at the bottom o the same.

The functions of the packer-arm 171 Figs. 1 and 2, and the roll 172 and the process of erecting a type-line in the receiving-channel 121 are too well-known as pertaining more particularly to the type-setting machine to The channel 121 is provided in front with the cover 173, which gives access tothe interior, said cover being pivcted at the top to the channelwalls and having the spring-latch K185 with which to fasten it and the stop 186 to prevent ICO the same from shutting too far into said channel. Said cover has a projection or ward at its upper end extending into the recesses in the ends of the separators 152, said ward beingslightly movable and adapted to bring the type-line into accurate alinement. channel v121 is further provided with the two slots 175 in its left wall for the accommodation of the prongs 203 of the bifurcated lifting-block 200. The block 200, Fig.

The l IIO 1, is pivotally attached tothe sleeve 205,

rigid on the line-lifting rod 206, and the prongs 203 are spring-actuated to the right into the slots 175, Fig.,17. The rod 206 is vertically reciprocated at the left of the channel 121 in the Jframe-bearings 207 and 208 by means of Athe cam-groove `722 in the gear 702, Figs. 1 and 17, through the medium of the rockerarm 720, pivoted at 719 to the frame, the roller 721 on one end of said arm operating in said groove, and the connecting-link 723 be- 'I tween the opposite end of said rocker-arm and 

